https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index en-au 5 https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:10252 Wed 11 Apr 2018 14:48:59 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:576 Wed 11 Apr 2018 12:31:49 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:21288 in vivo Localized COrrelated SpectroscopY (L-COSY). Methods: To achieve this, L-COSY was used to examine five former professional male athletes with 11 to 28 years of exposure to contact sports. Each athlete who had had multiple symptomatic concussions and repetitive sub concussive trauma during their career was assessed by an experienced neuropsychologist. All athletes had clinical symptoms including headaches, memory loss, confusion, impaired judgment, impulse control problems, aggression, and depression. Five healthy men, age and weight matched to the athlete cohort and with no history of brain trauma, were recruited as controls. Data were collected from the posterior cingulate gyrus using a 3 T clinical magnetic resonance scanner equipped with a 32 channel head coil. Results: The variation of the method was calculated by repeated examination of a healthy control and phantom and found to be 10% and 5%, respectively, or less. The L-COSY measured large and statistically significant differences (P ≤0.05), between healthy controls and those athletes with RBT. Men with RBT showed higher levels of glutamine/glutamate (31%), choline (65%), fucosylated molecules (60%) and phenylalanine (46%). The results were evaluated and the sample size of five found to achieve a significance level P = 0.05 and a power of 90%. Differences in N-acetyl aspartate and myo-inositol between RBT and controls were small and were not statistically significance. Conclusions: A study of a small cohort of professional athletes, with a history of RBT and symptoms of chronic traumatic encephalopathy when compared with healthy controls using 2D L-COSY, showed elevations in brain glutamate/glutamine and choline as recorded previously for early traumatic brain injury. For the first time increases in phenylalanine and fucose are recorded in the brains of athletes with RBT. Larger studies utilizing the L-COSY method may offer an in-life method of diagnosis and personalized approach for monitoring the acute effects of mild traumatic brain injury and the chronic effects of RBT.]]> Wed 11 Apr 2018 12:16:35 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45893 Wed 09 Nov 2022 10:09:38 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:35611 Wed 07 Jul 2021 12:42:00 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50350 Wed 06 Mar 2024 14:29:51 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50997 Tue 15 Aug 2023 11:31:34 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34546 Tue 09 Mar 2021 12:01:53 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36572 Tue 09 Jun 2020 11:40:47 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:23095 Thu 28 Oct 2021 12:36:41 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:469 Thu 25 Jul 2013 09:09:54 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:32339 Thu 24 May 2018 10:50:05 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:13730 Sat 24 Mar 2018 10:41:01 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:5031 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:44:10 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:21 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:42:06 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:27597 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:25:17 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:3216 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:22:14 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:3198 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:21:54 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48733 Mon 29 Jan 2024 18:04:30 AEDT ]]>